食慾極度不振 - 抗癌

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Ways to alleviate nausea and vomiting with diet
緩解噁心嘔吐的小妙方

‧ Eat small amounts of food every few hours
因為過餓或過飽都會引起噁心嘔吐，因此應以少量多餐為原則，
每三到四小時就吃一些小東西，如牛奶、濃湯、冰淇淋、小餅乾、幾口飯加配菜等等

‧ If there is a pattern to nausea, eat more during periods known
to involve less nausea 避開特別會噁心嘔吐的時間，在其餘的時間裡多吃一些

‧ Eat dry foods like toast, crackers or dry cereal at any time,
especially shortly after waking eat bland, simple foods such as
chicken soup or broth, rice, pasta, bananas, jello, pudding and
hot cereal (farina, oatmeal, cream of wheat)
在吃了一些比較濃稠的食物後 (如雞湯、粥飯、麵、香蕉、布丁或燕麥等)，
應立即再吃下一些乾的食物 (如土司、小餅乾、喜瑞兒等)，可緩解噁心的感覺

‧ Eat light foods with little seasoning, avoid foods which are fried,
fatty, overly salty or sweet; gradually introduce your favorite foods
into your diet, along with higher-calorie foods,
in order to ensure nourishment. 用餐以清淡為主，避免高油、太鹹或太甜的食物，
漸進式的加入您愛吃的食物，並增加一些高熱量高營養素的食物

‧ Avoid greasy or fried foods, and use little or no margarine or butter;
fats are difficult to digest 油脂高的食物不易消化，飲食應避免過油的食物
或炸過的食物，盡量少食用的奶油、瑪琪琳或高油脂的沙拉醬

‧ Do not eat and drink at the same time; drink liquids between meals or
30-60 minutes before or after eating 因為液體食物會影響飽足感，
因此建議您盡量不要同時食用固體食物和液體食物(如水或湯汁)；
應以固體食物為主餐，在用餐30-60分鐘之後或之前，另飲用液體食物

‧ Avoid lying down for at least an hour after eating; if you must rest,
sit down or lean back with your head higher than your feet
餐後一小時之內不要躺下；如果一定要維持休息姿勢，可坐下後靠著背，
頭部應比腳的位置高

‧ Keep the room temperature cool 維持室內清爽的溫度

‧ If drinking liquids does not worsen nausea or vomiting, drink large
amounts of fluids such as water, caffeine-free soda
(especially clear carbonated sodas like ginger ale or 7-Up), or broth
如果飲水或飲料不會引起噁心嘔吐，則餐與餐之間(非正餐時間))應飲用多一些的液體
，例如：水、無咖啡因的汽水(如薑汁汽水或七喜等)、湯汁等

‧ After vomiting, you should drink electrolyte preparations like Pedialyte, or
a mixture of 1 teaspoon of salt, 1 tablespoon of sugar and 1 liter of water
嘔吐後應立即飲用水或添加電解質的水，一來補充水分預防脫水，二來沖散胃酸逆流
對食道的傷害。可飲用一些添加電解質的水，如亞培出的培得賴(Pedialyte)口服
電解質維持液，或自行配製：一公升水加一小湯匙鹽和一大湯匙白糖

‧ Eat slowly and chew each mouthful well. Sip beverages slowly, and
drink liquids that have been allowed to warm or cool to room temperature
(extreme temperatures may be difficult to tolerate). If the smell of food
makes you feel sick, eat only dishes which are cold or at room temperature.
小口細嚼慢嚥，避免太燙或太冰的食物 (容易引起腸胃道的反射作用)；如果對食物的
味覺很敏感，冷或室溫溫度的食物通常比較不會引起噁心嘔吐

‧ Do not force yourself to eat if you do not feel like it. 如果吃不下
不要一時勉強自己，等一些時間再試試，但注意過餐不食也會引起噁心嘔吐，
因此應以定時且少量多餐的習慣為原則

‧ Get someone to help you when preparing food. Do not stay in the kitchen.
A well-ventilated room is preferable. 最好有人幫您準備食物，病人應避免處在
會一直聞的到食物的地方，如廚房等，應大部分時間待在通風且溫度適當的房間

‧ Before or after the meal, go for a walk in the open air or stay near to
an open window. 用餐後，病人應待在通風的地方

‧ Breathe through the mouth so as to avoid odours which may increase the
sensation of nausea. 用嘴巴呼吸可能易引起噁心的感覺



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